Administrative Region : West Greece
Regional unit : Achaia
Kastria (Καστρία) Achaia
Kastria is a village in the Regional Unit of Achaia. Administratively, it belongs to the Local Community of the same name, the Municipal Unit of Klitoria, the Municipality of Kalavryta and is under the Region of Western Greece, the Decentralized Administration of Peloponnese - Western Greece - Ionian.[1]
Geographic information
Kastria is a mountainous village (altitude 794 meters)[2] of the former District of Kalavryta, Prefecture of Achaia. Since 2010, with the "Kallikratis" Program, it is the seat of the Local Community of Kastria and belongs to the Municipal Unit of Klitoria of the Municipality of Kalavryta. Kastria has a de facto population of 91 inhabitants, according to the 2011 Census[3], while 78 permanent residents were registered.[4] They are 18 km. from Kalavryta, 92 km. from Patras and 206 km. from Athens.
Kastria is known for the famous "Cave of the Lakes", located in its area. It is a rare creation of nature, whose 13 successive tiered lakes make it unique in the world.[5]
Cave of the Lakes
In 1964, residents of Kastria climbed to the second floor for the first time with wooden ladders from a 9-meter terrace. On January 17, 1965, after an invitation made by the Kyriakopoulos brothers, merchants originally from Kleitoria, who came to the offices of the E.O.S. (Hellenic Mountaineering Association) and were looking for people who could explore the cave, the first reconnaissance visit took place, in which P. Brousalis, H. and A. Nikopoulos, E. Zarachanis, I. Melentis, I. Papanagiotou and residents of the village of Kastria took part.
The first mapping was done by the above group and then by the H.S.E. (Hellenic Speleological Society), with the speleologist Anna Petrocheilou. On the lower floor of the cave, fossilized human and various animal bones were found. This section is intended for a biospeleological laboratory of international prominence.
The final exploration was done on Holy Thursday 1965, by A. Nikopoulos, P. Giannakopoulos, D. Margaritoulis and I. Papanagiotou.
Along the 2 km. route inside the cave, one encounters 13 successive lakes at different altitudes, separated from each other by barriers of stalactite material. The stalactite decoration is unparalleled. The detailed description of the first exploration has been published in the magazine "The Mountain", of the E.O.S. of Athens.
Its exploitation began in 1981 by the Hellenic Tourism Organization. Today, the responsibility for its operation lies with the Municipality of Kalavryta.[6]
Holy Church of the Ascension
The Cave Church of the Ascension is perhaps one of the most famous picturesque chapels in Kalavryta. The church was built opposite the Kastria Cave in 1886. It is said that the people of Kastria found an imprint of the icon of the Ascension on a rock and they thought it appropriate to build a church there. It is also said that Elder Jeremiah was a monk in Analipsi, who was burned by a fire he had started. In his memory, the “Jeremiah Fountain” was built a little further from the church. The current church was reconstructed in 1908 and was designated a “Historical Monument of the Byzantine/Post-Byzantine Period” by the Ministry of Culture in 1997. The road leading to it was opened in 1982 by the former Association of Kastria Residents of Patras.
Population Censuses
Population Censuses: Kastria
Year 1879 1889 1896 1907 1920 1928 1940 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Inhabitants 206[7] 212[8] 240[9] 249[10] 304[11] 289[12] 273[13] 237[14] 213[15] 162[16] 135[17] 130[18] 106[19] 91
References
«E-GO.GR - KASTRIA ACHAIAS».
«BUK.GR - KASTRIA».
«CENSUS 2011 (Government Gazette 699B - 20/03/2014, p. 237 of 444)» (PDF).
Results of the Population and Housing Census 2011 concerning the Permanent Population of the Country, Government Gazette of the Hellenic Republic, vol. 2, p. 3465 (28 December 2012).
«MUNICIPAL PUBLIC ENTERPRISE OF KALAVRITA - CAVE OF THE LAKES».
«KALAVRITA NEWS - 56 YEARS OF THE CAVE OF THE LAKES - KASTRIA OF KALAVRITA - FROM MYTH TO REALITY».
«MINISTRY OF INTERIOR - STATISTICS OF GREECE - POPULATION 1879 (p. 160 of 226)» (PDF).
«MINISTRY OF INTERIOR - DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC ECONOMY AND STATISTICS - STATISTICS OF GREECE - POPULATION - CENSUS OF 15-16 APRIL 1889 (p. 80 of 191)» (PDF).
"MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR - STATISTICAL RESULTS OF THE CENSUS OF THE POPULATION ON OCTOBER 5-6, 1896 (p. 73 of 163)" (PDF).
"MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR - CENSUS SERVICE - STATISTICAL RESULTS OF THE GENERAL CENSUS OF THE POPULATION ON OCTOBER 27, 1907 (p. 382 of 523)" (PDF).
"MINISTRY OF NATIONAL ECONOMY - STATISTICS DIRECTORATE - POPULATION OF THE KINGDOM OF GREECE AT THE CENSUS OF 19 DECEMBER 1920 (p. 88 of 486)" (PDF).
"GENERAL STATISTICAL SERVICE OF GREECE - POPULATION OF GREECE AT THE CENSUS OF 15-16 MAY 1928 (p. 94 of 410)" (PDF).
"GENERAL STATISTICAL SERVICE OF GREECE - POPULATION OF GREECE AT THE CENSUS OF 16 OCTOBER 1940 (p. 108 of 450)" (PDF).
"GENERAL STATISTICAL SERVICE OF GREECE - POPULATION OF GREECE AT THE CENSUS OF 7 APRIL 1951 (p. 43 of 196)" (PDF).
"GENERAL STATISTICAL SERVICE OF GREECE - POPULATION OF GREECE AT THE CENSUS OF 19 MARCH 1961 (p. 48 of 186)" (PDF).
"ESYE - POPULATION OF GREECE AT THE CENSUS OF 14 MARCH 1971 (p. 46 of 181)" (PDF).
"ESYE - ACTUAL POPULATION OF GREECE AT THE CENSUS OF 5 APRIL 1981 (p. 57 of 196)" (PDF).
"1991 CENSUS (Government Gazette 882B - 06/12/1993, p. 26 of 216)" (PDF).
"ESYE - POPULATION-HOUSE CENSUS - 18 MARCH 2001 (PERMANENT POPULATION)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 January 2020.
"EETAA - ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGES OF SETTLEMENTS - KASTRIA".
"EETAA - ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGES - MUNICIPALITY OF KLITORIA (1835 - 1912)".
"EETAA - ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGES - MUNICIPALITY OF LEFKASIOU - MUNICIPALITY OF KLITORIA (1997 - 2010)".
"EETAA - ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGES - MUNICIPALITY OF KALAVRYTA".
"EETAA - ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGES - COMMUNITY OF KASTRIA".
"MUNICIPALITY OF KALAVRYTA - KASTRIA".
"EETAA - COMMUNITY ELECTIONS - KASTRIA".
Sources
Results of the Population and Housing Census 2011 concerning the Permanent Population of the Country, Government Gazette of the Hellenic Republic, vol. 2, p. 3465 (December 28, 2012).
Georgios V. Glavas, Travel to the Cave of the Lakes, Achaic Publications, Kastria Kalavryta 1997. ISBN 960-7164-81-4.
Bibliography
Louloudis, Theodoros H. (2010). Achaia. Settlements, settlers, self-government. Patras: Prefectural Cultural Development Enterprise of South-Eastern Achaia.
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