Administrative Region : West Macedonia
Regional unit : Florina
Alona (Άλωνα) Florina
Alona (Bulgarian, Macedonian: Арменско, older name (until 20/8/1927 - ФЕК: 179/1927) Armenskón [1]) is a mountainous village in the prefecture of Florina. It is located at an altitude of 1,000 meters on the slopes of Mount Varnounta. Alona is the seat of the homonymous local community of the Municipality of Florina and its population, according to the 2011 Census, amounts to 211 residents. The local community of Alona is characterized as a rural mountainous settlement, with an area of 28.129 km² (2011).[2]
Population
Permanent [3][4][5]
Year Population
1991 211
2001 234
2011 211
Actual (de facto) [2][6][7]
Year Population
1961 564
1971 342
1981 254
1991 220
2001 237
2011 211
Historical information
The village was founded by Greeks who fled there due to persecution by Albanian Muslims. The dialects of the Eastern South Slavic languages were introduced, according to one view, after the mid-19th century[8]. Even until 1940, according to EAM member Pavlos Koufis from the time he worked there as a teacher, the residents were Slavic-speaking[9][10], except for some Sarakatsani families who still live in the village today[11].
Residents of Alona participated in the Ilinden Uprising in 1903[12], resulting in the village suffering significant damage and several of its residents being massacred by Ottoman forces when they occupied Alona after a battle with the Komitatzis.[13] Several residents of Alona participated in the Macedonian Struggle, siding with either the Greek or the Bulgarian side. In September 1905, about twenty Macedonian fighters under Pavlos Kyrou and Stefos Grigoriou entered the village and captured some local Bulgarians[14], whom they released except for the priest and a chanter[14] (both armed[14][15]) whom they executed[15].
Alona in 1940 had 991 inhabitants[16] of whom, according to the security authorities, 2/3 had a fluid or non-Greek conscience[15]. During the Greco-Italian War and the German invasion, three inhabitants of the settlement were killed. During the first period of the Occupation, a portion of the inhabitants (defectors from the front and three people who returned from exile) sided with Bulgaria[17]. Later, four residents were executed by the Occupation forces and three others were killed as ELAS guerrillas[18].
During the Civil War, according to some estimates[19], over 150 residents of Alona enlisted in the ranks of the DSE. Of these, 57[19] or 61[18] were killed during the war operations, executed or died in prison or exile, while one was killed fighting on the side of the government forces[18]. With the end of the Civil War, the defeated guerrillas fled to socialist countries, while in the following decades there was a wave of immigration to the USA, Australia and Canada[18].
The leader of the Macedonian struggle, Simos Ioannidis (or "Stogiannis" or "Armenskiotis")[20], as well as the Macedonian fighters Petros Alexiou[21], Petros Stoikou[21], Spyridon Tasis[21] and Konstantinos Temelkou[21][22], came from Alona. Also, the committee members Ivan Gotchev Kulinov[23] and Anastas Iliev[24]. The National Resistance fighter and writer Pavlos Koufis[25] (1913 - 2003) was also from Alona.
The Armenskiotis leader of the Macedonian struggle, Simos Ioannidis.
Culture
The traditional costume of Alona is characteristic, which was the inspiration for the uniform of the Macedonian fighters, which is today the official uniform of the Presidential Guard and the guards at Syntagma Square in Athens[26]. The traditional dance of Alona or Armentskoto owes its name to the settlement.[27]
References
National Documentation Center - Renamings of settlements in Greece: Armenskon - Alonas.
https://www.statistics.gr/2011-census-pop-hous
https://www.eetaa.gr/metaboles/apografes/apografi_2011_monimos.pdf
https://www.eetaa.gr/metaboles/apografes/apografi_2001_monimos.pdf
https://www.eetaa.gr/metaboles/apografes/apografi_1991_monimos.pdf
PL 2:624
PLM 7:224
George Modis, Struggles in Macedonia, Barbounakis Publications, Thessaloniki 1975, p. 120
Tasos Kostopoulos, The Forbidden Language - State Suppression of Slavic Dialects in Greek Macedonia, p. 28.
Pavlos Koufis, Alona Florinas - Struggles and Sacrifices, Athens 1990, p. 148.
"Association of Sarakatsanai of Western Macedonia "Flambouras" the founding first board of directors". Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2015.
"Atanas Tane Naumovski, Lerin in mourning, Pollitecon Publications, Wareemba, NSW, Australia, 2014, p. 73" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 March 2015. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
Scrip Newspaper, 13 August 1903, p. 1 - 2.
G. Ch. Modis, Macedonian Struggle and Macedonian Leaders, 2nd edition, Thessaloniki 2007, pp. 224 - 225.
"Dimitris Lithoxou, Population and Settlements of the Florina Region, Armensko". Archived from the original on 3 January 2011. Retrieved 3 October 2010.
Michael Stamatelatos, Fotini Vamva-Stamatelatou, Geographical Dictionary of Greece, Volume 1, TA NEA, Athens 2012, p. 63.
Ioannou S. Koliopoulou, Plunder of Thoughts, Volume 1, Vanias Publications, 2nd edition, Thessaloniki 1996, p. 38.
Ioannou S. Koliopoulou, Plunder of Thoughts, volume B, Vanias Publications, Thessaloniki 1995, p. 251.
Atanas Tane Naumovski, 2014, p. 74.
General Staff, Directorate of Army History, The Macedonian Struggle and the Events in Thrace, Athens 1979, pp. 133, 301
E. Fotiadou, "The Participation of the Prefecture of Florina in the Macedonian Struggle", Aristotle Magazine, issue 156 (1982), pp. 16-20
Unseen, Native Macedonian Fighters, scientific editing: Ioannis S. Koliopoulou, Society for Macedonian Studies, University Studio Press, Thessaloniki 2008, p. 162
Nikolov, Boris J. Internal Macedonian-Odriscian Revolutionary Organization. Voivodes and leaders (1893-1934). Biographical and bibliographic guide, Sofia 2001, p. 87.
Macedonian Almanac, published by the Central Committee of the Macedonian Academy of Sciences, editor Petar Acev, published by "The Macedonian Tribune", Indianapolis 1940, p. 326-327.
Article in the newspaper Rizospastis, 16-Apr-2006: "Memories of Fighters"
«Regional Unit of Florina, Region of Western Macedonia, Topography of the Prefecture of Florina, Communities of the Florina Plain». Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 29 September 2012.
Kostas Tsonis, Folk Organ Players and the Music and Dance Tradition of Florina, in Melbourne, Australia, in E. Close, M. Tsianikas and G. Couvalis (eds.) "Greek Research in Australia: Proceedings of the Sixth Biennial International Conference of Greek Studies, Flinders University June 2005", Flinders University Department of Languages - Modern Greek: Adelaide, 2007, pp. 439-448.
References
Encyclopedia Papyrus Larousse Britannica, 1981, 2006 (PLM)
Encyclopedia Papyrus Larousse , 1963 (PL)
| Municipal unit Florina |
|---|
|
Municipal Community Florina
|
| Simos Ioannidis (Σίμος Ιωαννίδης, ο) |
| Florina (Φλώρινα, η) |
| Community Alona |
| Alona (Άλωνα, τα) |
| Community Armenochori |
| Armenochori (Αρμενοχώρι, το) |
| Community Koryfi |
| Koryfi (Κορυφή, η) |
| Community Mesonisi |
| Mesonisi (Μεσονήσι, το) |
| Community Proti |
| Proti (Πρώτη, η) |
| Community Skopia |
| Skopia (Σκοπιά, η) |
| Community Trivouno |
| Kalogeritsa (Καλογερίτσα, η) |
| Trivouno (Τρίβουνο, το) |
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