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The Tokamak de Fontenay-aux-Roses (TFR) was the first French tokamak, built in a research centre of the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) in Fontenay-aux-Roses, a commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France.[1]

In the years 1973 to 1976, it was the highest-performance fusion device in the world.

It was followed by Tore Supra at Cadarache.
References

Braams, C.M.; Stot, P.E. (2002-06-20). Nuclear Fusion: Half a Century of Magnetic Confinement Fusion Research. The Institute of Physics. ISBN 9781420033786.

External links

CEA official website (in English)
CEA page about the history of fusion research (in French)

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Fusion power, processes and devices
Core topics

Nuclear fusion
Timeline List of experiments Nuclear power Nuclear reactor Atomic nucleus Fusion energy gain factor Lawson criterion Magnetohydrodynamics Neutron Plasma

Processes,
methods
Confinement
type
Gravitational

Alpha process Triple-alpha process CNO cycle Fusor Helium flash Nova
remnants Proton-proton chain Carbon-burning Lithium burning Neon-burning Oxygen-burning Silicon-burning R-process S-process

Magnetic

Dense plasma focus Field-reversed configuration Levitated dipole Magnetic mirror
Bumpy torus Reversed field pinch Spheromak Stellarator Tokamak
Spherical Z-pinch

Inertial

Bubble (acoustic) Laser-driven Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion

Electrostatic

Fusor Polywell

Other forms

Colliding beam Magnetized target Migma Muon-catalyzed Pyroelectric

Devices, experiments
Magnetic confinement
Tokamak

International

ITER DEMO PROTO

Americas

Canada STOR-M United States Alcator C-Mod ARC
SPARC DIII-D Electric Tokamak LTX NSTX
PLT TFTR Pegasus Brazil ETE Mexico Novillo [es]

Asia,
Oceania

China CFETR EAST
HT-7 SUNIST India ADITYA SST-1 Japan JT-60 QUEST [ja] Pakistan GLAST South Korea KSTAR

Europe

European Union JET Czech Republic COMPASS GOLEM [cs] France TFR WEST Germany ASDEX Upgrade TEXTOR Italy FTU IGNITOR Portugal ISTTOK Russia T-15 Switzerland TCV United Kingdom MAST-U START STEP

Stellarator
Americas

United States CNT CTH HIDRA HSX Model C NCSX Costa Rica SCR-1

Asia,
Oceania

Australia H-1NF Japan Heliotron J LHD

Europe

Germany WEGA Wendelstein 7-AS Wendelstein 7-X Spain TJ-II Ukraine Uragan-2M
Uragan-3M [uk]

RFP

Italy RFX United States MST

Magnetized target

Canada SPECTOR United States LINUS FRX-L – FRCHX Fusion Engine

Other

Russia GDT United States Astron LDX Lockheed Martin CFR MFTF
TMX Perhapsatron PFRC Riggatron SSPX United Kingdom Sceptre Trisops ZETA

Inertial confinement
Laser
Americas

United States Argus Cyclops Janus LIFE Long path NIF Nike Nova OMEGA Shiva

Asia

Japan GEKKO XII

Europe

European Union HiPER Czech Republic Asterix IV (PALS) France LMJ LULI2000 Russia ISKRA United Kingdom Vulcan

Non-laser

United States PACER Z machine

Applications

Thermonuclear weapon
Pure fusion weapon

International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility

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Nuclear power in France
Power plants
Active

Belleville Blayais Bugey Cattenom Chinon Chooz Civaux Cruas Dampierre Flamanville Golfech Gravelines Nogent Paluel Penly Saint-Alban Saint-Laurent Tricastin (Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux)

Closed

Brennilis Bugey 1 Chinon (A1/A2/A3) Chooz A Creys-Malville SPX (Superphénix) Fessenheim Marcoule Saint-Laurent (A1/A2)

Reactor types
Power plant reactors

UNGG CP0, CP1, CP2, CPY P4, P'4 N4 EPR (under construction)

Research, experimental,
prototype reactors
and concepts

EL-1 (Zoé) EL-2, EL-3 (CEA Saclay) TFR EL-4 (Brennilis) Rapsodie Phénix Superphénix ITER (under construction) ASTRID Flexblue (concept)

Research locations

CEA Cadarache CEA Fontenay-aux-Roses CEA Grenoble Institut Laue–Langevin (Grenoble) CEA Marcoule (Marcoule, Pierrelatte) CEA Saclay Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory (Andra) Tricastin Nuclear Site (Bollène, Lapalud, Pierrelatte, Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux)

Fuel cycle locations

Malvési Tricastin Eurodif Romans (fr) La Hague Aube Manche Morvilliers

Organisations

ANCCLI Areva Naval Group (formerly DCNS) ASN CEA Électricité de France (EDF) Engie Framatome (formerly Areva NP) GSIEN Orano Group Orano Cycle (formerly COGEMA and Areva NC)

Public discourse
and opposition

Accidents and incidents Anti-nuclear movement in France 1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood Sébastien Briat André Larivière Corinne Lepage Stéphane Lhomme Jean-Pierre Petit Mycle Schneider Monique Sené Dominique Voynet CRIIRAD Groupement des scientifiques pour l'information sur l'énergie nucléaire Sortir du nucléaire WISE-Paris

Related categories

Nuclear energy in France Nuclear power stations in France Nuclear technology in France

List of nuclear reactors in France

Physics Encyclopedia

World

Index

Hellenica World - Scientific Library

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