ART

States of matter are distinguished by changes within the properties of matter associated with external factors like pressure and temperature. States are usually distinguished by a discontinuity in one amongst those properties: say, raising the temperature of ice produces a transparent discontinuity at 0 °C as energy goes into natural action, rather than temperature increase. The classical states of matter are usually summarized as: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. Within the 20th century, increased understanding of the more exotic properties of matter resulted within the identification of many additional states of matter, none of which are observed in normal conditions.

Low-energy states
Natural states

Modern states

Very high energy states

References

A. Pickover, Clifford (2011). "Plasma". The Physics Book. Sterling. pp. 248–249. ISBN 978-1-4027-7861-2.

Physics Encyclopedia

World

Index

Hellenica World - Scientific Library

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