Hysiae or Hysiai (Ancient Greek: Ὑσιαί), also Hysia (Ὑσία), was a town of ancient Boeotia, in the Parasopia, at the northern foot of Mount Cithaeron, and on the high road from Thebes to Athens. It was said to have been a colony from Hyria, and to have been founded by Nycteus, father of Antiope.[1] Herodotus says that both Hysiae and Oenoe were Attic demoi when they were taken by the Boeotians in 507 BCE.[2] It probably, however, belonged to Plataea.[3] Oenoe was recovered by the Athenians; but, as Mt. Cithaeron was the natural boundary between Attica and Boeotia, Hysiae continued to be a Boeotian town. Hysiae is mentioned in the operations which preceded the Battle of Plataea.[4] Hysiae was in ruins in the time of Pausanias, who noticed there an unfinished temple of Apollo and a sacred well.[5] Hysiae is mentioned also by Euripides[6] and Thucydides.[7]
Its site is located near modern Kriekouki in Erythres.[8][9]
Pausanias 9.1.6, 9.2.1:
But Neocles, who was at the time Boeotarch at Thebes, not being unaware of the Plataean trick, proclaimed that every Theban should attend the assembly armed, and at once proceeded to lead them, not by the direct way from Thebes across the plain, but along the road to Hysiae in the direction of Eleutherae and Attica, where not even a scout had been placed by the Plataeans, being due to reach the walls about noon.
...
On Mount Cithaeron, within the territory of Plataea, if you turn off to the right for a little way from the straight road, you reach the ruins of Hysiae and Erythrae. Once they were cities of Boeotia, and even at the present day among the ruins of Hysiae are a half-finished temple of Apollo and a sacred well.
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Attribution
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Hyle". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
References
Strabo. Geographica. ix. p.404. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
Herodotus. Histories. 5.74.
Herodotus. Histories. 6.108.
Herodotus. Histories. 9.15, 25.
Pausanias. Description of Greece. 9.2.1.
Euripides, Bacchae, 751
Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War. 3.24, 5.83.
Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. p. 55, and directory notes accompanying.
Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
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