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Ο Άλμπρεχτ Ντύρερ (Albrecht Dürer, 21 Μαΐου 1471 - 6 Απριλίου 1528) ήταν Γερμανός ζωγράφος, χαράκτης και μαθηματικός. Υπήρξε σημαντικός καλλιτέχνης της εποχής του, συμβάλλοντας καθοριστικά στη διάδοση των ιδεωδών της Ιταλικής Αναγέννησης. Έζησε το μεγαλύτερο διάστημα της ζωής του στη Νυρεμβέργη, που αποτελούσε ένα από τα μεγαλύτερα πολιτιστικά κέντρα της Γερμανίας, αλλά ταξίδεψε αρκετά κι επισκέφτηκε την Ιταλία δυο φορές, γεγονός που επηρέασε βαθιά το έργο του, από το οποίο ξεχωρίζουν οι ξυλογραφίες και τα χαρακτικά. Τα έργα του διαδόθηκαν σε όλη την Ευρώπη κι αργότερα απέκτησαν παγκόσμια φήμη.

Paintings

Adam


Adam and Eve


All Saints' Day


Old woman with purse


Adoration of the Magi


Adoration of the Magi


Adoration of the Magi , detail


Apostle James


Apostle Philip


Praying Mary


Lamentation of Christ


Jerome Penitent


The death of Crescentia Pirckheimer


The twelve- year-old Jesus among the Doctors


The Fürlegerin with braided hair


The Fürlegerin with loose hair


The Madonna with the pear slice


The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Circumcision of Christ


The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Christ on the Cross


The Seven Sorrows of Mary : The Twelve- Year-Old Jesus in the Temple


The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Lamentation of Christ


The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Flight to Egypt


The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Cross Nailing

The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Cross


The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Our Lady of Sorrows


The Saints John and Peter


The Saints Mark and Paul


Three king altar , detail


Three king altar , detail


Dresden Altar: St Anthony


Dresdner altar : St. Sebastian


Ecce Homo


Eva


Holy Family


St. Jerome


Holy Onophrius


Heller- Altar: Martyrdom of St James


Heller- Altar: The founder Jacob Heller


Heller- Altar: Martyrdom of St. Catherine


Heller- Altar: The Strifterin Catherine Heller


Heller- Altar: Reconstruction of the open altar


Hercules and the Stymphalian Birds


Jabach altar : Job mocked by his wife


Jabacher altar : Saint Simeon and Lazarus


Jesus boy with globe


Virgin and Child with St. Anne


Emperor Charlemagne


Inclined boys head to the left


Inclined boys head to the right


Head of Mary


Head of a bearded child


Head of a Man


Landauer Altar: Adoration of the Trinity


Lot's escape


Lion


Madonna with the Siskin


Male portrait in front of a green background


Mary with the squatting child


Maria with the child


Madonna with the Carnation


Mary with Child


Mary with child in front of an archway


Madonna and Child before a Landscape


Marie altar , middle picture , scene: Mary with Child


Marie altar , middle picture and wings , General View


Martyrdom of ten thousand Christians


Nuremberg, mastermind mill on the Pegnitz


Nuremberg, St. John's suburb with church and cemetery from the north


Nuremberg, fishpond on the Pegnitz River in St. John's


Nuremberg, the western part of the city from the south


Paumgartner Altar , General View


Paumgartner Altar : Medium Image : Nativity


Paumgartner Altar , right wing: St. Eustace


Portrait of Albrecht Durer the Elder


Portrait of Albrecht Durer the Elder


Portrait of Barbara Dürer , born Holper


Portrait of Elsbeth Tucher


Portrait of Felicitas Tucher


Portrait of Burkard von Speyer


Portrait of Frederick the Wise


Portrait of Hans Tucher


Portrait of Hieronymus Holzschuher


Portrait of Jacob Muffel


Portrait of Jakob Fugger


Portrait of Johannes Kleberger


Portrait of Emperor Sigismund


Portrait of Emperor Maximilian I.


Portrait of Emperor Maximilian I


Portrait of Michael Wolgemut


Portrait of Oswald Krell


Portrait of Rodrigo de Almada


Portrait of a young woman


Portrait of a Venetian Woman


Portrait of a bearded man in a red cap


Portrait of a clergyman


Portrait of a young girl with a red beret


Portrait of a young man


Portrait of a young man


Portrait of a young man


Portrait of a young man against green background


Portrait of an Unknown


Portrait of an unknown man with red Schaube


Rosary altar


Salvator Mundi


Suicide of Lucretia


Self-portrait


Self-portrait


Self-portrait


Valley of Kalckreuth


Pond in the forest


Wonderful salvation of a drowned boy

Drawings

"The Great Calvary "


"The Great Calvary " , detail


"The Great Calvary " , detail


Last Supper


Adam and Eve


Adam and Eve


Adam and Eve


Count Albrecht of Habsburg


Ambras Art Book: Allegory of the eloquence (Hermes with four earthly figures : woman, warrior , scholar and citizen )


Ambras Art Book: Arion


Ambras Art Book: nymph


Ambras Art Book: Venus and Cupid


Adoration of the Magi


Adoration of the Magi


Anne with Two Others


View of Arco


View of Bergen op Zoom


Apollo


Apostle


Apostle


Apostle


Apostle Bartholomew


Apostle Jude Thaddeus


Arm of Eva


Arm of Lucretia


Arm and hand studies


Bacchanale with Silenus


bearded man



Farmer with goose as a fountain figure



Fortification between the mountains and sea


Lamentation of Christ


Lamentation of Christ


Lamentation of Christ


Lamentation of Christ


Christ on the Mount of Olives


Christ on the Mount of Olives


Christ on the Mount of Olives



Christ on the Mount of Olives


Christ on the Mount of Olives , unfinished


Christ and Magdalene


Christ Child


The Cathedral of Aachen


The Town Hall in Aachen


The choir of the Groote Kerk in Bergen op Zoon


The large table fountain


The great triumphal chariot


The great triumphal chariot , detail
The great triumphal chariot , detail
The great triumphal chariot , detail : The Bohemian Trophy
The great triumphal chariot , detail : The French Trophy
The great triumphal chariot , detail : The Hungarian trophy
The great triumphal chariot , detail: the Welsh Trophy
The great triumphal chariot , detail: the Welsh Trophy
The great triumphal chariot , detail : old man on horseback (John Stabius , Poet Laureate Maximillian ? ) As a Standard Bearer
The great triumphal chariot , detail : Young rider as ring bearer
The great triumphal chariot , detail : camp-followers of different nations
The port of Antwerp during Scheldetor
The small chariot
The small chariot , detail
The Tiergarten to Brussels
The Dead Christ with crown of thorns
The dry dock in Nuremberg
The Justice of Trajan
The Holy Trinity
Three " powerful " Livländerinnen
Three children's heads
A lobster
One of the wise virgins
Endres Dürer, brother of the painter , in profile
Angel with Lute
Angel Fair
Design for the Fugger Chapel in Augsburg: The Resurrection
Design for the Fugger Chapel in Augsburg: The Resurrection
Design for the Fugger Chapel in Augsburg: Simson with the doors of Gaza
Design for the Fugger Chapel in Augsburg: Samson fighting the Philistines
Design for the Fugger Chapel in Augsburg: Samson fighting the Philistines
Design for the Fugger Chapel in Augsburg: Samson fighting the Philistines
Design for a book character : Crane
Design for a book sign: Lion
Draft of a court dress
Draft of a court dress
Draft of a court dress
Design for All Saints' Day
Designs to a " Passion of the Christ " : Christ on the Mount of Olives
Designs to a " Passion of the Christ " : Christ Carrying the Cross
Designs to a " Passion of the Christ " : Christ Carrying the Cross with Saint Veronica
Designs to a " Passion of the Christ " : Christ Grabtragung
Designs to a " Passion of the Christ " : Christ Grabtragung
Fencing end tab
Rock study with hikers
River Landscape
Women from Bergeb and Goes
Women Bath
Women Bath
Rape of women
Nativity
birth of Mary
Winning Holy Martyr
Society on horseback
Robe study
Entombment of Christ
Hands of the 12 year old Christ
Handestudien
Holy Family
Holy Family in the Room
Holy Family in the arbor
Holy Family in a hall
Holy Family with angels under a tall tree
Holy Family
Holy Family
Crowned Holy Kinship by two angels
Visitation
Hercules and the birds symphalischen
St. Agnes
St. Anne
St. Anne ( Portrait of Agnes Dürer)
St. Apollonia
St. Barbara
St. Christopher
St. Christopher
St. Fridolin
St. Jerome
St. Catherine
St. Catherine and the Hangman
St. Magdalene under the Cross
St. Margaret
St. Martin
St. Paul
St. Paul
Irish soldiers and farmers
Young couple
Youth with hangman
judgment Day
Calvary
Fighting Seekentauren
child's head
Head of Mary
Head of the twelve year old Christ
Head of a Woman
Head of a Young Woman
Head of a laughing woman
Head of an African
Head of an old man in profile
Head of a child
Head of a boy
Head of a suffering man
Head of a Roebuck
Head of a walrus
female heads
Head study of a man
The Crucifixion
Christ Carrying the Cross
Soldiers under the cross
men of war
Landsknecht
Landsknecht , Rückenfigur
corpse Christi
reading Mary
Reclining nude
lion
Girl in costume by Cologne and Portrait of Agnes Dürer
Madonna with the many animals
Madonna with angels under a canopy
Man with drill
Male Nude (Adam)
Male Nude ( Self-Portrait)
Male Nude , known as Apollo Poynter
Mary
Madonna with the apple
Maria lactans
Madonna with the many animals
Mary with child wound on the grassy bank
Mary with Child
Mary with Child
Mary with the Child on the grassy bank
Maria playing with baby on the grassy bank and violin angels
Maria gekröt with child on the grassy bank , by an angel
Mary with child in half figure
Madonna and Child with the little St. John
Madonna and Child with bagpipers
Mary and Child with Angels
Madonna and Child with Saint John the Baptist
Madonna and Child with angels playing instruments
Mary with the Child , crowned by an angel and St. Anna
Martyrdom of the Ten Thousand
Maximilianisches prayer book
Maximilianisches prayer book
Mass of Cardinal Albrecht of Brandenburg in the collegiate church in Halle
crescent Madonna
Nude woman ( woman bathing ? )
Naked man with mirror
Nuremberg virgin in dance dress
From Nuremberg in house dress
From Nuremberg in house dress
From Nuremberg in the church Dress
From Nuremberg in dance dress
Nürnberg and Venetian
Groom on horseback
parrot
perspectivist study
Portrait of Albrecht Durer the Elder .
Portrait of African Katherina
Portrait of Agnes Dürer
Portrait of Agnes Dürer in niederländsicher costume
Portrait of Margaret of Brandenburg -Ansbach
Portrait of the Artist's Mother
Portrait of Susanne von Brandenburg -Ansbach (?)
Portrait of Arnold of Blessed city , asleep
Portrait of Barent van Orley
Portrait of Caspar tower and a river landscape
Portrait of Christian II, King of Denmark
Portrait of Conrat Verkell
Portrait of Dürer Endres , brother of the painter
Portrait of Eobanus Hesse
Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam
Portrait of Hans Pfaffrot of Gdansk
Portrait of Captain Felix Hungersperg
Portrait of Captain Felix Hungersperg , kneeling
Portrait of Henry Parker, Lord Morley
Portrait of Jakob Fugger
Portrait of Jobst Plankfelt
Portrait of Cardinal Albrecht of Brandenburg
Portrait of Cardinal Lang of Wellenburg
Portrait of Cardinal Albrecht of Brandenburg
Portrait of Elector Frederick the Wise
Portrait of Lazarus Ravensburger and the turrets of the court of Lier in Antwerp
Portrait of Lucas Cranach the Elder
Portrait of Lukas van Leyden
Portrait of Marx Ulstat and the beautiful maiden in Antwerp
Portrait of Matthew Landauer
Portrait of Paul Topler and Martin Pfinzig
Portrait of Rodrigo d' Almada
Portrait of Rodrigo Fernandez d' Almada
Portrait of Ulrich Starck
Portrait of Ulrich Varnbuler
Portrait of Willibald Pirckheimer
Portrait of a woman
Portrait of a woman ( Agnes Dürer ? )
Portrait of a woman from Brussels
Portrait of a woman ( Creszentia Pirckheimer ? )
Portrait of a young woman
Portrait of a Windisch (?) Farmer's wife
Portrait of an eighteen- year-old man
Portrait of a goldsmith from Mechelen
Portrait of a young man
Portrait of a young man
Portrait of a young man
Portrait of a girl
Portrait of a man
Portrait of a man
Portrait of a man
Portrait of a man ( Damian van der Goes ? )
Portrait of a man (John Stabius ? )
Portrait of a Man (Konrad Peutinger ? )
Portrait of a man with cap
Portrait of a man ( Paul Hofhaimer or Hans Tucher ? )
Portrait of a man (Sebastian Brant ? )
Portrait of a twenty-four year-old man and a view of St. Michel in Antwerp
Portrait of Hans Burgkmair the Elder
Portrait of Emperor Maximilian I.
Presentation of Christ in the Temple , unfinished
Rider in armor
rhinoceros
Rest on the Flight
Rest on the Flight to Egypt
Scheibenriß : Riding Death
Scheibenriß : Sixtus Tucher at open grave
Scheibenriß : Tafelnde society and death
Scheibenrißentwurf : St. George
man of Sorrows
Saviour Blessing
self-portrait
Self Portrait as a thirteen- year-old boy
Caricature for Lazarus Spengler
quarry
stork
Study for St. Apollonia
head Study
Study on the "Four Apostles " : apostles
Study on the "Four Apostles " : John
Study on the "Four Apostles " : Head of Markus
Study on the "Four Apostles " : head of Paul
Study on the "Four Apostles " : head of Peter
Study of a Christ on the Mount of Olives
Study of a body of Christ
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : soles of an Apostle
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Christ's robe
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : garment of God the Father
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : garment of God the Father
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : garment studies
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Hands of an Apostle
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Hands of God the Father
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Assumption and Coronation of the Virgin
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Kneeling Apostle
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Head of an Apostle
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Head of an Apostle
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Head of an Apostle
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Head of an Apostle
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Head of an Apostle
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Left Hand of an Apostle
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : upper body of Christ
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Right Hand of an Apostle
Study on the " Heller-Altar " : Standing Apostles
Study on the " Holy Jerome " : Head of the Old 93jährigen
Study on the " Holy Jerome " : lectern with books
Study on the " Holy Jerome " : Left Arm
Study on the " Holy Jerome " : skull
Study on the " Ober St. Veit altar " : Christ on the Cross
Study on the " Ober St. Veit Altar " : The good thief
Study on the " Ober St. Veit altar " : Calvary
Study on the " Feast of the Rosary " : Christ Child
Study on the " Feast of the Rosary " : The coat of the Pope
Study on the " Feast of the Rosary " : St. Dominic
Donors Portrait
Study on the " Feast of the Rosary " : Head of an Angel
Study on the " Feast of the Rosary " : Head of a Pope
Portrait of an architect
Study on the " St. Veiter Altar " : The evil thief
Study for great happiness
Study on the "Great Crucifixion " : Christ on the Cross
Study on the "Great Crucifixion " : St. John
Study on the "Great Crucifixion " : St. Magdalena
Study on the "Great Crucifixion " : child's head
Study on the "Great Crucifixion " : Weeping Angel Boy
Studies on a great " picture of Mary " : St. Joseph
Studies on a great " picture of Mary " : St. Catherine
Studies on a great " picture of Mary " : head of a young girl
Studies on a great " picture of Mary " : head with curly hair ( angel )
Studies on a great " picture of Mary ' : Girl head and pair of hands
Studies on a great " picture of Mary " : Mary with the Child , Saints and Angels playing music
Studies on a great " picture of Mary " : Mary with the Child , Saints and Angels playing music
Studies on a great " picture of Mary " : Mary with the Child , Saints and Angels playing music
Studies on a great " picture of Mary " : Mary with the Child , Saints and Angels playing music
Studies on a great " picture of Mary ' : Musician Angels
Studies on a great " picture of Mary " : Enthroned Madonna and Child, ten saints and angels
Studies on a Calvary
Studies of two riders
Study sheet with Christ as the Man of Sorrows and a robe study
Study sheet with the Rape of Europa
Study sheet with five naked figures
Study sheet with children's heads
Study sheet with Mary and Child
Study sheet with Madonna and Child, hand and sleeve
Study sheet with a naked couple and the Devil
Study sheet with fools , Faun , Phoenix and Deer Hunting
Study sheet with six nude figures
Study sheet with self- Portrait, Hand and Pillow
Study sheet with hijacked Animals
Sultan Soliman
Table and jugs
Death of Orpheus
death of Mary
Death and woman
Death and rider
chest
Turk
Venus on a dolphin
Annunciation
Annunciation
temptation
The Temptation of St. Anthony
Ornaments for three spoons stalks
Ornaments for two dippers
scale
Coat of arms with man behind the open
Coat of Arms Pirckheimer
female Nude
female Nude
female Nude
Female Nude , Rückenfigur
Female standing nude with baton in the right
greyhound
Windische farmer
Drawing after the " Tarocchi " : The wisdom
Drawing after the " Tarocchi " : The Muse Thalia
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion " : The Arrest of Christ
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion " : Christ before Pilate
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion " : Christ before Caiaphas
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion " : Flagellation of Christ
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion " : Christ Crowned with Thorns
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion " : Ecce homo
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion " : Christ Carrying the Cross
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion " : Kreuzannagelung Christ
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion " : Christ on the Cross
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion " : Deposition from the Cross
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion " : Lamentation of Christ
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion ," Draft: Christ on the Mount of Olives
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion ," Draft: Christ Carrying the Cross
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion ," Draft: Arrest of Christ
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion ," Draft: Arrest of Christ
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion ," Draft: Christ before Caiaphas
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion ," Draft: Christ before Pilate
Drawing a result of the so-called " Green Passion ," Design: Crowning with Thorns
Two castles
Two Venetian women

Illustrations

" Triumphal procession of the emperor Maximilian I. "
" Triumphal procession of the emperor Maximilian I. ," Block 1
" Triumphal procession of the emperor Maximilian I. ," Block 2
" Triumphal procession of the emperor Maximilian I. ," Block 3
" Triumphal procession of the emperor Maximilian I. ," Block 4
" Triumphal procession of the emperor Maximilian I. ," Block 5
" Triumphal procession of the emperor Maximilian I. ," Unit 6
" Triumphal procession of the emperor Maximilian I. ," Block 7
" Triumphal procession of the emperor Maximilian I. ," Block 8
Adoration of the Magi
Apollo and Diana
peasant couple
Penitent David
Penitent St. Chrysostom
Penitent St Jerome
Christ on the Cross with seven prayers
The Men
The sea wonders
The odd couple
The great messenger
The small messenger
The chef and his wife
The Schoolmaster
The lost son at the pigs
The signatories to the pot
The signatories of the lute
The signatories of the lying woman
The signatories of the seated man
The " Albertina Passion "
The " Albertina Passion "
The " Albertina Passion "
The " Albertina Passion "
The standard-bearers
The Conversion of St Paul
The Penance of St. John Chrysostom
The three farmers in conversation
The Holy Family with the grasshopper
St. Anne with Two Others
Mercenaries and oriental tab
The malformed sow
The Sun of Justice
The Temptation of income
Three putti with helmet and shield
Beheading of John the Baptist
Bookplate of Jerome Ebner
Bookplate Wilibald Pirkheimer
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the 'Great Passion '
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Consequence of the " Small Passion, "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Sequel to " Life of the Virgin "
Fortuna
Holy Trinity
Holy Family with Saints
Holy Family
Hercules
Holy communion
St. Anthonius and Paul
St. Christopher
St. Christopher
St. Eustace
Holy Family
Holy Family with three rabbits
Holy Family with Five Angels
St. George slaying the dragon
St. George on foot
St. Jerome in the Room
St. Nicholas , St. Ulrich and St. Erasmus
St. Sebald
St. Sebastian on the tree
St. Sebastian
Holy Kinship on the grassy bank
St. Stephen, St. Sixtus and St. Lawrence
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustration for "The Knight of the Turn "
Illustrations to the " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
Illustration for " Apocalypse "
John the Baptist and Saint Onuphrius
Young Woman and Death
Young couple and death
Cain slays Abel
Calvary
crucifixion
crucifixion
Löwenwappen with cock
Madonna with the Monkey
Maria with the child on a rocky landscape
Mary is crowned by angels
Martyrdom of St. Catherine
Martyrdom of ten thousand Christians
Mass of St. Gregory
crescent Madonna
Nemesis
Portrait of Emperor Maximilian I.
Portrait of Ulrich Varnbuler
Reitende lady with Landsknecht
Reiter and Landsknecht
rhinoceros
Reverse -riding witch on a goat
Salome with the head of John the Baptist
Man of Sorrows with raised hands
Samson tearing the lion
Sternenekarte , the southern sky , first version
Star map , The northern night sky
Star map , the southern sky , 4th version
Stigmata of St. Francis
Knitting pattern 1 sheet
Knitting pattern 2 sheet
Knitting pattern , 3 sheet
Knitting pattern 4 sheet
Knitting pattern , 5 sheet
Knitting pattern , 6 sheet
Enthroned Sultan , unfinished
Death and Landsknecht
Turkish family
Ecstasy of Saint Mary Magdalene
Coat of arms of Rogendorf family
Coat of arms of Johann Stabius
Coat of arms of Johann Tscherte
Coat of arms of Laurenz Staiber
Coat of arms of Lorenz Staiber
Coat of arms of Michel Behaim
Dürer's coat of arms


Βιογραφία

Ο Ντύρερ γεννήθηκε στις 21 Μαΐου του 1471 στη Νυρεμβέργη και ήταν το τρίτο από τα συνολικά δεκαοχτώ παιδιά της οικογένειας του. Ο πατέρας του, Άλμπρεχτ Ντύρερ ο πρεσβύτερος, ήταν ουγγρικής καταγωγής και χρυσοχόος στο επάγγελμα, με αποτέλεσμα να διδαχθεί και ο Ντύρερ σε νεαρή ηλικία την τέχνη της χρυσοχοΐας. Μητέρα του ήταν η Μπάρμπαρα Χέλπερ. Αν και σύμφωνα με την παράδοση της εποχής, έπρεπε να ακολουθήσει το επάγγελμα του πατέρα του, η ιδιαίτερη κλίση του στο σχέδιο και τη ζωγραφική, του επέτρεψε να μαθητεύσει κοντά στον ζωγράφο Μίχαελ Βόλγκεμουτ, κατόπιν σχετικής άδειας του πατέρα του. Διδάχθηκε για τέσσερα χρόνια την τέχνη της χαρακτικής πάνω σε ξύλο και χαλκό, υδατογραφία και ελαιογραφία.

Με το πέρας των σπουδών του, ο Ντύρερ πραγματοποίησε ταξίδια προκειμένου να εμπλουτίσει τις γνώσεις του αλλά και να έρθει σε επαφή με το έργο άλλων καλλιτεχνών. Επισκέφτηκε την Κολωνία και τη Βασιλεία ενώ το 1494 επέστρεψε στη Νυρεμβέργη όπου παντρεύτηκε την Άγκνες Φράι, κόρη εμπόρου, στις 7 Ιουλίου.
Ο Ιππότης, Θάνατος και Διάβολος, 1514, χαρακτικό
Πρώτο ταξίδι στην Ιταλία

Το φθινόπωρο του ίδιου έτους, επισκέφτηκε για πρώτη φορά την Ιταλία, για να ξεφύγει από την επιδημία πανώλης αλλά και να σπουδάσει την τέχνη του. Ταξίδεψε στη Βενετία και ήρθε σε επαφή με έργα ζωγράφων της πόλης, όπως του Λορέντζο ντι Κρέντι, του Αντρέα Μαντένια ή του Τζιοβάννι Μπελλίνι. Στην Ιταλία ανέπτυξε παράλληλα ένα ενδιαφέρον για τα μαθηματικά, σε συσχετισμό πάντα με τη ζωγραφική και ειδικότερα σε θέματα που σχετίζονταν με τις μαθηματικές αναλογίες. Εκτιμάται πως ο Ντύρερ επηρεάστηκε από τις έρευνες του Λεονάρντο ντα Βίντσι πάνω στην ανατομία και τις ανθρώπινες αναλογίες, αν και δεν τον συνάντησε ποτέ.
Μελαγχολία, 1514, χαρακτικό
Επιστροφή στη Νυρεμβέργη

Την επόμενη χρονιά επέστρεψε στην γενέτειρά του, όπου δημιούργησε ένα εργαστήριο ξυλογραφίας, χαλκογραφίας και σχεδίου. Σύντομα απέκτησε φήμη και άρχισε να δέχεται αρκετές παραγγελίες. Το 1498 ολοκλήρωσε την πρώτη σημαντική σειρά ξυλογραφιών με γενικό τίτλο Αποκάλυψη. Η σειρά περιλάμβανε συνολικά δεκαπέντε έργα, μεταξύ αυτών οι Τέσσερις ιππότες της Αποκαλύψεως και το Άνοιγμα της έκτης σφραγίδας. Σε μεταγενέστερα έργα του εστίασε περισσότερο σε προσωπογραφίες, έντονα επηρεασμένος από την ιταλική αναγέννηση. Την ίδια περίοδο συνδέθηκε φιλικά με τον ανθρωπιστή Βίλιμπαλντ Πιρκχάιμερ, που παρέμεινε ο καλύτερος του φίλος, μέχρι το τέλος της ζωής του.
Δεύτερο ταξίδι στην Ιταλία

Το 1505 πραγματοποίησε ένα δεύτερο ταξίδι στην Ιταλία όπου παρέμεινε για δύο χρόνια. Επισκέφθηκε την Μπολόνια και την Φλωρεντία, αλλά πέρασε το μεγαλύτερο διάστημα στη Βενετία, μελετώντας το έργο του Ραφαήλ και του Λεονάρντο ντα Βίντσι. Με βάση την αλληλογραφία του Ντύρερ, γνωρίζουμε πως στην Ιταλία το έργο του γνώρισε μεγαλύτερη αναγνώριση. Στη Μπολόνια συνάντησε επίσης τον μοναχό και μαθηματικό Λούκα Πατσιόλι, γνωστό για το έργο του πάνω στις αναλογίες και την χρυσή τομή.
Νυρεμβέργη
Αδάμ και Εύα, 1507, ελαιογραφία

Την Άνοιξη του 1507, επέστρεψε στη Νυρεμβέργη και παρέμεινε στη Γερμανία μέχρι το 1520. Κατά τη διάρκεια της επιστροφής ζωγράφισε μια σειρά ακουαρέλες με θέματα τοπία. Η περίοδος 1507-1511 αποτελεί διάστημα στο οποίο ο Ντύρερ ασχολήθηκε περισσότερο με τη ζωγραφική, ολοκληρώνοντας σημαντικά έργα του όπως ο πίνακας Στέψη της Παρθένου (1509) ή το έργο Αδάμ και Εύα (1507) όπου αποτυπώνεται η επίδραση της αναγεννησιακής τέχνης στις τέλειες αναλογίες του ανθρώπινου σώματος.

Από το 1512, ο Ντύρερ εργάστηκε για τον αυτοκράτορα Μαξιμιλιανό Α' των Αψβούργων, ολοκληρώνοντας προσωπογραφίες και χαρακτικά πάνω σε ξύλο ή χαλκό, από τα οποία ξεχωρίζουν Ο Ιππότης ο Θάνατος και ο Διάβολος, Ο Άγιος Ιερώνυμος στο Σπουδαστήρι του και η Μελαγχολία, έργα που ολοκληρώθηκαν το 1504 και αποτελούσαν πιθανώς μέρη ενός τρίπτυχου. Οι ιστορικοί της τέχνης αναφέρονται συχνά στα έργα αυτά με τον γενικό όρο Meisterstiche (αριστουργήματα) ενώ κατά πολλούς ξεχωρίζουν από το κύριο σώμα του έργου του.
To τετράτομο έργο Vier Bücher von menschlicher Proportion (Τέσσερα Βιβλία Για Τις Ανθρώπινες Αναλογίες) που εκδόθηκε μετά το θάνατο του Ντύρερ
Τελευταία χρόνια

Το καλοκαίρι του 1520 και μετά το θάνατο του Μαξιμιλιανού Α', επισκέφθηκε την Ολλανδία, όπου δημιούργησε αρκετές προσωπογραφίες και σχέδια. Κατά την παραμονή του προσβλήθηκε από κάποια ασθένεια - κατά μία εκδοχή επρόκειτο για ελονοσία - που τον επηρέασε μέχρι το τέλος της ζωής του. Επέστρεψε στην Νυρεμβέργη τον Ιούλιο του 1521 και ξεκίνησε να εργάζεται πάνω σε θρησκευτικά θέματα. Στα τελευταία έργα του ανήκουν και οι Τέσσερις Απόστολοι (1526) που θα αποτελούσαν μέρος ενός τρίπτυχου, το οποίο όμως έμεινε ημιτελές.

Το 1525 εξέδωσε ένα βιβλίο με θέμα τη γεωμετρία και την προοπτική. Πέθανε τον Απρίλιο του 1528, σε ηλικία 57 ετών και ενταφιάστηκε στο Ναό του Αγίου Ιωάννου, στη Νυρεμβέργη. Μετά το θάνατό του εκδόθηκε το συνολικό έργο του γύρω από τις ανθρώπινες αναλογίες Τέσσερα Βιβλία Για Τις Ανθρώπινες Αναλογίες (Vier Bücher von menschlicher Proportion).
Έργο

Από πολλές απόψεις, ο Ντύρερ αποτέλεσε πρωτοπόρο καλλιτέχνη της εποχής του. Υπήρξε από τους πρώτους που μέσα από μία σειρά αυτοπροσωπογραφιών, κατέδειξε την αξία του καλλιτέχνη στη κοινωνία και στους καλλιτεχνικούς κύκλους της εποχής. Παρά το γεγονός πως γαλουχήθηκε στο πλαίσιο της μεσαιωνικής παράδοσης της χειροτεχνίας, εκτός από δεξιοτέχνης δημιουργός, επιδίωξε να διεκδικήσει ρόλο διανοουμένου και να ενταχτεί στους αριστοκρατικούς κύκλους της χώρας του. Πέτυχε το στόχο του και τιμήθηκε ως ο μεγαλύτερος καλλιτέχνης της Γερμανίας, πρωτεργάτης της γερμανικής Αναγέννησης.

Εκτός από το καλλιτεχνικό του έργο, σημαντική συμβολή είχε επίσης στα μαθηματικά και τη γεωμετρία.
Δικτυακοί τόποι

Βιογραφικό και έργα του (Ανακτήθηκε 30 Απριλίου 2011)
Βιογραφία και χαρακτηριστικά έργα του
Βιογραφικά στοιχεία και πίνακες
Χρονολόγιο και ειδική αναφορά στα Meisterstiche
Έργα του Albrecht Dürer στο Project Gutenberg

Γερμανοί

Εγκυκλοπαίδεια Γερμανίας

Κόσμος

Αλφαβητικός κατάλογος

Hellenica World - Scientific Library

Από τη ελληνική Βικιπαίδεια http://el.wikipedia.org . Όλα τα κείμενα είναι διαθέσιμα υπό την GNU Free Documentation License