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In mathematics, the formalism of B-admissible representations provides constructions of full Tannakian subcategories of the category of representations of a group G on finite-dimensional vector spaces over a given field E. In this theory, B is chosen to be a so-called (E, G)-regular ring, i.e. an E-algebra with an E-linear action of G satisfying certain conditions given below. This theory is most prominently used in p-adic Hodge theory to define important subcategories of p-adic Galois representations of the absolute Galois group of local and global fields.

(E, G)-rings and the functor D

Let G be a group and E a field. Let Rep(G) denote a non-trivial strictly full subcategory of the Tannakian category of E-linear representations of G on finite-dimensional vector spaces over E stable under subobjects, quotient objects, direct sums, tensor products, and duals.[1]

An (E, G)-ring is a commutative ring B that is an E-algebra with an E-linear action of G. Let F = BG be the G-invariants of B. The covariant functor DB : Rep(G) → ModF defined by

$${\displaystyle D_{B}(V):=(B\otimes _{E}V)^{G}}$$

is E-linear (ModF denotes the category of F-modules). The inclusion of DB(V) in B ⊗EV induces a homomorphism

$${\displaystyle \alpha _{B,V}:B\otimes _{F}D_{B}(V)\longrightarrow B\otimes _{E}V}$$

called the comparison morphism.[2]
Regular (E, G)-rings and B-admissible representations

An (E, G)-ring B is called regular if

B is reduced;
for every V in Rep(G), αB,V is injective;
every b ∈ B for which the line bE is G-stable is invertible in B.

The third condition implies F is a field. If B is a field, it is automatically regular.

When B is regular,

$${\displaystyle \dim _{F}D_{B}(V)\leq \dim _{E}V}$$

with equality if, and only if, αB,V is an isomorphism.

A representation V ∈ Rep(G) is called B-admissible if αB,V is an isomorphism. The full subcategory of B-admissible representations, denoted RepB(G), is Tannakian.

If B has extra structure, such as a filtration or an E-linear endomorphism, then DB(V) inherits this structure and the functor DB can be viewed as taking values in the corresponding category.
Examples

Let K be a field of characteristic p (a prime), and Ks a separable closure of K. If E = Fp (the finite field with p elements) and G = Gal(Ks/K) (the absolute Galois group of K), then B = Ks is a regular (E, G)-ring. On Ks there is an injective Frobenius endomorphism σ : Ks → Ks sending x to xp. Given a representation G → GL(V) for some finite-dimensional Fp-vector space $${\displaystyle D=D_{K_{s}}(V)}$$ is a finite-dimensional vector space over F=(Ks)G = K which inherits from B = Ks an injective function φD : D → D which is σ-semilinear (i.e. φ(ad) = σ(a)φ(d) for all a ∈ K and all d ∈ D). The Ks-admissible representations are the continuous ones (where G has the Krull topology and V has the discrete topology). In fact, $${\displaystyle D_{K_{s}}}$$ is an equivalence of categories between the Ks-admissible representations (i.e. continuous ones) and the finite-dimensional vector spaces over K equipped with an injective σ-semilinear φ.

A potentially B-admissible representation captures the idea of a representation that becomes B-admissible when restricted to some subgroup of G.
Notes

Of course, the entire category of representations can be taken, but this generality allows, for example if G and E have topologies, to only consider continuous representations.

A contravariant formalism can also be defined. In this case, the functor used is $${\displaystyle D_{B}^{\ast }(V):=\mathrm {Hom} _{G}(V,B)}$$, the G-invariant linear homomorphisms from V to B.

References
Fontaine, Jean-Marc (1994), "Représentations p-adiques semi-stables", in Fontaine, Jean-Marc (ed.), Périodes p-adiques, Astérisque, 223, Paris: Société Mathématique de France, pp. 113–184, MR 1293969