The Black Eye Galaxy (also called Evil Eye Galaxy and designated Messier 64, M64, or NGC 4826) is a relatively isolated[7] spiral galaxy 17 million light-years away in the mildly northern constellation of Coma Berenices. It was discovered by Edward Pigott in March 1779, and independently by Johann Elert Bode in April of the same year, as well as by Charles Messier the next year. A dark band of absorbing dust partially in front of its bright nucleus gave rise to its nicknames of the "Black Eye" or "Evil Eye" galaxy.[10] M64 is well known among amateur astronomers due to its form in small telescopes and visibility across inhabited latitudes.
This galaxy is inclined 60° to the line-of-sight and has a position angle of 112°.[7] At the distance of this galaxy, it has a linear scale of 65 ly (20 pc) per arcsecond.[7] The morphological classification in the De Vaucouleurs system is (R)SA(rs)ab,[4] where the '(R)' indicates an outer ring-like structure, 'SA' denotes a non-barred spiral, '(rs)' means a transitional inner ring/spiral structure, and 'ab' says the spiral arms are fairly tightly wound.[11] Ann et al. (2015) gave it a class of SABa,[12] suggesting a weakly barred spiral galaxy with tightly wound arms.
M64 is a type 2 Seyfert galaxy[13] with an HII/LINER nucleus. The central region is a weak source of radio emission.[7] A soft X-ray source has been detected at the nucleus, which is most likely coming from the circumnuclear region rather than directly from an active galactic nucleus.[14] There is an inner disk of molecular gas that is truncated at a radius of 2,300 ly (700 pc). At present, the non-rotational motions of this disk do not significantly feed the core, but the disk does produce a vigorous rate of star formation, with also approximately 100 billion stars inside the galaxy.[15] There is also evidence of a recent large inflow of mass.[16]
The interstellar medium of Messier 64 consists of two counter-rotating disks that are approximately equal in mass.[17] The inner disk contains the prominent dust lanes of the galaxy. The stellar population of the galaxy exhibits no measurable counter-rotation.[18] Possible formation scenarios include a merger with a gas-rich satellite galaxy in a retrograde orbit, or the continued accretion of gas clouds from the intergalactic medium.[17][18] It has a diameter of 54,000 ly (17 kpc).[19]
Gallery
Deep exposure using the 0.8m Schulman Telescope at the Mount Lemmon SkyCenter
190-hour exposure from joint project of 23 amateur astronomers.
The Black Eye Galaxy as imaged by Hubble Space Telescope. Unrelated objects have been edited out.
Hubble Space Telescope picture of NGC4826, a spiral galaxy located 17 million light-years away in the constellation of Coma Berenices (Berenice’s Hair).
See also
NGC 4622 – a galaxy with leading spiral arms.
References
Tonry, J. L.; et al. (2001), "The SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances. IV. SBF Magnitudes, Colors, and Distances", Astrophysical Journal, 546 (2): 681–693, arXiv:astro-ph/0011223, Bibcode:2001ApJ...546..681T, doi:10.1086/318301.
Dreyer, J. L. E. (1988), Sinnott, R. W. (ed.), The Complete New General Catalogue and Index Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters, Sky Publishing Corporation/Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-933346-51-2.
Skrutskie, M. F.; et al. (February 2006), "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)", The Astronomical Journal, 131 (2): 1163–1183, Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1163S, doi:10.1086/498708.
de Vaucouleurs, G.; et al. (1991), Third reference catalogue of bright galaxies, 9, New York: Springer-Verlag.
Tully, R. Brent; et al. (August 2016), "Cosmicflows-3", The Astronomical Journal, 152 (2): 21, arXiv:1605.01765, Bibcode:2016AJ....152...50T, doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/2/50, 50.
"NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database", Results for NGC 4826, retrieved 2018-12-13.
Israel, F. P. (January 2009), "CI and CO in nearby galaxy centers. The bright galaxies NGC 1068 (M 77), NGC 2146, NGC 3079, NGC 4826 (M 64), and NGC 7469", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 493 (2): 525–538, arXiv:0811.4058, Bibcode:2009A&A...493..525I, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200810655.
Gil de Paz, Armando; et al. (2007), "The GALEX Ultraviolet Atlas of Nearby Galaxies", Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 173 (2): 185–255, arXiv:astro-ph/0606440, Bibcode:2007ApJS..173..185G, doi:10.1086/516636.
"M 64". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2018-12-13.
"Messier 64 - M64 - Black Eye Galaxy (Spiral Galaxy) | freestarcharts.com". freestarcharts.com. Retrieved 2020-06-07.
de Vaucouleurs, Gérard (April 1963), "Revised Classification of 1500 Bright Galaxies", Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 8: 31, Bibcode:1963ApJS....8...31D, doi:10.1086/190084.
Ann, H. B.; et al. (2015), "A Catalog of Visually Classified Galaxies in the Local (z ∼ 0.01) Universe", The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 217 (2): 27–49, arXiv:1502.03545, Bibcode:2015ApJS..217...27A, doi:10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/27.
Malkan, Matthew A.; et al. (September 2017), "Emission Line Properties of Seyfert Galaxies in the 12 μm Sample", The Astrophysical Journal, 846 (2): 26, arXiv:1708.08563, Bibcode:2017ApJ...846..102M, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa8302, 102.
Grier, C. J.; Mathur, S.; Ghosh, H.; Ferrarese, L. (April 2011), "Discovery of Nuclear X-ray Sources in Sings Galaxies", The Astrophysical Journal, 731 (1): 13, arXiv:1011.4295, Bibcode:2011ApJ...731...60G, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/731/1/60, 60.
"Messier 64 - M64 - Black Eye Galaxy (Spiral Galaxy) | freestarcharts.com". freestarcharts.com. Retrieved 2020-06-07.
García-Burillo, S.; et al. (August 2003), "Molecular Gas in NUclei of GAlaxies (NUGA). I. The counter-rotating LINER NGC 4826", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 407 (2): 485–502, arXiv:astro-ph/0306140, Bibcode:2003A&A...407..485G, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20030866.
Brawn, R.; Walterbos, R. A. M.; Kennicutt, Robert C., Jr. (1992). "Counter-rotating gaseous disks in the "Evil Eye" galaxy NGC4826". Nature. 360 (6403): 442. Bibcode:1992Natur.360..442B. doi:10.1038/360442a0.
Rix, Hans-Walter R.; Kennicutt, Robert C., Jr.; Walterbos, Rene A. M. (1995). "Placid stars and excited gas in NGC 4826". Astrophysical Journal. 438: 155. Bibcode:1995ApJ...438..155R. doi:10.1086/175061.
From trigonometry: diameter = distance × sin( diameter_angle) = 17.3 Myr × sin(10.71′) = 53,896 ly.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Black Eye Galaxy.
Messier 64, SEDS Messier pages
ESA/Hubble images of M64
NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: M64: The Black Eye Galaxy (2 August 2007)
The Black Eye Galaxy on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, Hydrogen α, X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map, Articles and images
a real photo by Pete Albrecht
Black Eye Galaxy (M64) at Constellation Guide
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Messier objects
List
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 M12 M13 M14 M15 M16 M17 M18 M19 M20 M21 M22 M23 M24 M25 M26 M27 M28 M29 M30 M31 M32 M33 M34 M35 M36 M37 M38 M39 M40 M41 M42 M43 M44 M45 M46 M47 M48 M49 M50 M51 M52 M53 M54 M55 M56 M57 M58 M59 M60 M61 M62 M63 M64 M65 M66 M67 M68 M69 M70 M71 M72 M73 M74 M75 M76 M77 M78 M79 M80 M81 M82 M83 M84 M85 M86 M87 M88 M89 M90 M91 M92 M93 M94 M95 M96 M97 M98 M99 M100 M101 M102 M103 Added
M104 M105 M106 M107 M108 M109 M110
Charles Messier.jpg
See also
Caldwell catalogue Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars Herschel 400 Catalogue Index Catalogue New General Catalogue Revised New General Catalogue
Wikipedia book Book Category Category Commons page Commons Portal Portal
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New General Catalogue 4500 to 4999
4500 4501 4502 4503 4504 4505 4506 4507 4508 4509 4510 4511 4512 4513 4514 4515 4516 4517 4518 4519 4520 4521 4522 4523 4524 4525 4526 4527 4528 4529 4530 4531 4532 4533 4534 4535 4536 4537 4538 4539 4540 4541 4542 4543 4544 4545 4546 4547 4548 4549 4550 4551 4552 4553 4554 4555 4556 4557 4558 4559 4560 4561 4562 4563 4564 4565 4566 4567 4568 4569 4570 4571 4572 4573 4574 4575 4576 4577 4578 4579 4580 4581 4582 4583 4584 4585 4586 4587 4588 4589 4590 4591 4592 4593 4594 4595 4596 4597 4598 4599 4600 4601 4602 4603 4604 4605 4606 4607 4608 4609 4610 4611 4612 4613 4614 4615 4616 4617 4618 4619 4620 4621 4622 4623 4624 4625 4626 4627 4628 4629 4630 4631 4632 4633 4634 4635 4636 4637 4638 4639 4640 4641 4642 4643 4644 4645 4646 4647 4648 4649 4650 4650A 4651 4652 4653 4654 4655 4656 4657 4658 4659 4660 4661 4662 4663 4664 4665 4666 4667 4668 4669 4670 4671 4672 4673 4674 4675 4676 4677 4678 4679 4680 4681 4682 4683 4684 4685 4686 4687 4688 4689 4690 4691 4692 4693 4694 4695 4696 4697 4698 4699 4700 4701 4702 4703 4704 4705 4706 4707 4708 4709 4710 4711 4712 4713 4714 4715 4716 4717 4718 4719 4720 4721 4722 4723 4724 4725 4726 4727 4728 4729 4730 4731 4732 4733 4734 4735 4736 4737 4738 4739 4740 4741 4742 4743 4744 4745 4746 4747 4748 4749 4750 4751 4752 4753 4754 4755 4756 4757 4758 4759 4760 4761 4762 4763 4764 4765 4766 4767 4768 4769 4770 4771 4772 4773 4774 4775 4776 4777 4778 4779 4780 4781 4782 4783 4784 4785 4786 4787 4788 4789 4790 4791 4792 4793 4794 4795 4796 4797 4798 4799 4800 4801 4802 4803 4804 4805 4806 4807 4808 4809 4810 4811 4812 4813 4814 4815 4816 4817 4818 4819 4820 4821 4822 4823 4824 4825 4826 4827 4828 4829 4830 4831 4832 4833 4834 4835 4836 4837 4838 4839 4840 4841 4842 4843 4844 4845 4846 4847 4848 4849 4850 4851 4852 4853 4854 4855 4856 4857 4858 4859 4860 4861 4862 4863 4864 4865 4866 4867 4868 4869 4870 4871 4872 4873 4874 4875 4876 4877 4878 4879 4880 4881 4882 4883 4884 4885 4886 4887 4888 4889 4890 4891 4892 4893 4894 4895 4896 4897 4898 4899 4900 4901 4902 4903 4904 4905 4906 4907 4908 4909 4910 4911 4912 4913 4914 4915 4916 4917 4918 4919 4920 4921 4922 4923 4924 4925 4926 4927 4928 4929 4930 4931 4932 4933 4934 4935 4936 4937 4938 4939 4940 4941 4942 4943 4944 4945 4946 4947 4948 4949 4950 4951 4952 4953 4954 4955 4956 4957 4958 4959 4960 4961 4962 4963 4964 4965 4966 4967 4968 4969 4970 4971 4972 4973 4974 4975 4976 4977 4978 4979 4980 4981 4982 4983 4984 4985 4986 4987 4988 4989 4990 4991 4992 4993 4994 4995 4996 4997 4998 4999
Astronomical catalog List of NGC objects
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Constellation of Coma Berenices
List of stars in Coma Berenices Coma Berenices in Chinese astronomy
Stars
Bayer
α (Diadem) β γ
Flamsteed
7 11 12 13 14 16 21 23 24 31 35 36 37 41
Variable
FK IN LW
HR
4668
HD
107146 108863 108874 114762 b 115404
Other
2MASS J12195156+3128497 WASP-56 WISE 1217+1626
Exoplanets
HD 108874 b c
Star clusters
Coma Star Cluster Messier 53 NGC 4147 NGC 5053
Nebulae
LoTr 5
Galaxies
Messier
64 (Black Eye Galaxy) 85 88 91 98 99 100
NGC
4055 4056 4060 4061 4065 4066 4070 4072 4074 4076 4084 4086 4089 4090 4091 4092 4093 4095 4098 4150 4203 4208 4212 4222 4237 4262 4274 4278 4293 4298 4302 4308 4312 4314 4323 4340 4394 4414 4448 4450 4455 4459 4468 4473 4474 4477 4479 4489 4494 4498 4506 4515 4516 4523 4540 4555 4559 4561 4565 4571 4595 4633 4634 4651 4659 4676 (Mice Galaxies) 4689 4710 4725 4860 4871 4872 4873 4874 4875 4876 4881 4882 4883 4886 4889 4892 4895 4896 4907 4911 4919 4921 5000
Other
Coma Berenices Dragonfly 44 IC 755 (NGC 4019) IOK-1 LEDA 83677 Malin 1 PGC 44691
Galaxy clusters
Abell 1413 Coma I Coma Cluster M94 Group NGC 4631 Group
Astronomical events
GRB 050509B iPTF14atg SN 1940B SN 1979C SN 2005ap SN 2006X VIRGOHI21
Category Category
Hellenica World - Scientific Library
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