John Henry Twachtman
Paintings
Summer
My Summer Studio
Tiger Lilies
Springtime
Winter
Meadow Flowers. Golden Rod and Wild Aster
Boats moored on a Pond
Winter Harmony
The White Bridge
Snow Scene
Storm Clouds
Snow
The Emerald Pool
Horseneck Falls
Pastures, Greenwich, Connecticut
Spring
House and Tree
Landscape
Abandoned Mill, Branchville, Connecticut
Artist's Home in Autumn, Greenwich, Connecticut
Artist's Home Seen from the Back
Artist's House, Greenwich, Connecticut
Bark and Schooner (aka An Italian Barque)
Coney Island - From Brighton Pier
Country House in Winter, Cos Cob
Court of Honor, World's Columbian Exposiition
Edge of the Emerald Pool, Yellowstone
End of the Pier, New York Harbor
Fish Sheds and Schooner, Gloucester
Fish Sheds, Gloucester, Massachusetts
Gloucester, Fishermen's Houses
Holland (aka Windmill in the Dutch Countryside)
Meadow Flowers (aka Golden Rod and Wild Asters)
Morning Glory Pool, Yellowstone
November Haze (aka Upland Pastures)
Path in the Hills, Branchville, Connecticut
The Artist's House Through the Trees
The Brook, Greenwich, Connecticut (aka Horseneck Falls, Greenwich, Connecticut)
The Chicago World's Fair, Illinois Building
Twachtman's Home, Avondale, Ohio
View from the Holley House, Cos Cob, Connecticut
View from the Holley House, Winter
Windmill in the Dutch Countryside
Winter, Mill Creek Valley, Cincinnati
Woodland Stream in a Winter Landscape
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My Summer Studio
John Henry Twachtman (August 4, 1853 – August 8, 1902) was an American painter best known for his impressionist landscapes, though his painting style varied widely through his career. Art historians consider Twachtman's style of American Impressionism to be among the more personal and experimental of his generation. He was a member of "The Ten", a loosely-allied group of American artists dissatisfied with professional art organizations, who banded together in 1898 to exhibit their works as a stylistically unified group.
Studies
Twachtman was born in Cincinnati, Ohio and received his first art training there under Frank Duveneck.[1] Like most artists of the era, Twachtman then proceeded to Europe to further his education. He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich from 1875 to 1877,[1] and visited Venice with Duveneck and William Merritt Chase. His landscapes from this time exhibit the loosely brushed, shadowy technique taught at Munich. Twachtman also learned etching, and sometimes carried etching plates with him that he could use to spontaneously record a scene.
After a brief return to America, Twachtman studied from 1883 to 1885 at the Académie Julian in Paris, and his paintings dramatically shifted towards a soft, gray and green tonalist style. During this time he painted what some art historians consider to be his greatest masterpieces, including Arques-la-Bataille, in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, and Springtime, in the collection of the Cincinnati Art Museum.
In 1886 he returned to America and settled in Connecticut, eventually buying a farm in Greenwich. He often painted and exhibited with fellow artist Julian Alden Weir, and spent considerable time at the art colony in Cos Cob. His presence was vital to the colony:
"Twachtman's temperament--by turns gregarious and introspective, restless and serene--was a major factor in preventing the Cos Cob art colony from becoming a backwater of nostalgic complacency. Ironically, his lack of commercial success contributed to his artistic independence, freeing him from the temptation of producing salable pictures according to a proven formula. His art, conversation, and teaching fueled the creative fires of his friends and students in Cos Cob." [2]
In addition to his oil paintings, Twachtman continued to create etchings as well as drawings in pastel. Twachtman taught painting at the Art Students League from 1889 until his death in 1902. Twachtman was close friends with Julian Alden Weir and the two often painted together and both also had close associations with the Danish-born painter Emil Carlsen. In 1893, Twachtman received a silver medal in painting at the Columbian Exposition; the same year, he also exhibited his work with Claude Monet at a New York gallery.[1]
In Connecticut his painting style shifted again, this time to a highly personal impressionist technique. Twachtman painted many landscapes of his farm and garden in Greenwich, often depicting the snow-covered landscape. He executed dozens of paintings of a small waterfall on his property, capturing the scene in different seasons and times of day. Late in life Twachtman visited Gloucester, Massachusetts, another center of artistic activity in the late 19th century, and produced a series of vibrant scenes that anticipated a more modernist style yet to gain prominence in American art.
Twachtman died suddenly in Gloucester of a brain aneurysm, aged 49.[3] Today, his works are in many museum collections including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.; and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
See also
Art Students League
Ten American Painters
Society of American Artists
References
Roberts, Norma J., ed. (1988), The American Collections, Columbus Museum of Art, p. 30, ISBN 0-8109-1811-0.
Larkin, Susan G., The Cos Cob Art Colony, p. 5. Yale University Press, 2001.
Peters, Lisa N. (2006), John Twachtman: A Painter's Painter, Spanierman Gallery, LLC, p. 244.
Further reading
Gerdts, William H. (2001). American Impressionism (Second Edition ed.). New York: Abbeville Press Publishers. ISBN 0-7892-0737-0.
Larkin, Susan G. (2001). The Cos Cob Art Colony. New York: the National Academy of Design. ISBN 0-300-08852-3.
Peters, Lisa N. (1999). John Henry Twachtman : An American Impressionist. Atlanta, Georgia: Hudson Hills Press. ISBN 1-55595-178-3.
Peters, Lisa N. "John Twachtman (1853-1902): A 'Painter's Painter,'" Spanierman Gallery, 2006 ISBN 0-945936-77-X
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